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A '''piece''' in ''Tetris'' and similar [[game]]s is a geometric shape consisting of a set of blocks that is moved as a unit. A '''block''' is the part of a piece that fills one unit of the [[playfield]]. In some games, all blocks that make up a piece are colored the same; in others, especially falling piece games other than ''Tetris'' and its [[Fan game|clones]], they are colored differently.
A '''piece''' in ''Tetris'' and similar games is a geometric shape consisting of a set of blocks that is moved as a unit. A '''block''' is the part of a piece that fills one unit of the [[playfield]]. In some games, all blocks that make up a piece are colored the same; in others, especially falling piece games other than ''Tetris'' and its [[List of fan games|fan games]], they are colored differently.


== Polyominoes ==
== Polyominoes ==
A '''polyomino''' is a piece made of two or more square blocks, where all blocks are connected through full coincident edges (as if squares on graph paper).
A '''polyomino''' is a piece made of one or more square blocks, where all blocks are connected through full coincident edges (as if squares on graph paper).


*A ''free polyomino'' is one that may be translated (moved about), rotated, or reflected.
*A ''free polyomino'' is one that may be translated (moved about), rotated, or reflected. These are used in ''[[Pokémon Tetris]]''.
*A ''one-sided polyomino'' is one that may be translated or rotated.
*A ''one-sided polyomino'' is one that may be translated or rotated. These are the ones used in ''Tetris''.
*A ''fixed polyomino'' can only be translated.
*A ''fixed polyomino'' can only be translated.


Polyominoes come in several sizes:
Polyominoes come in several sizes:
* 2 blocks make a [[domino]]: featured in ''[[Dr. Mario]]'' and ''[[Puyo Pop]]''; seen in ''[[Tetris Blast]]''.
* 1 block makes a [[monomino]] or Mino: seen in ''[[Super Tetris 3]]'' (Magicaliss mode) and ''[[Puyo Puyo Tetris]]'' (Party mode and Fusion mode)
* 3 blocks make a [[tromino]] (or trimino): featured in ''[[Columns]]'' (fixed I only) and ''[[Pac-Attack]]'' (L only); seen in ''[[Tetris Blast]]'' (I, L) and ''Puyo Pop Fever'' (L).
* 2 blocks make a [[domino]] or Dimino: featured in ''[[Dr. Mario]]'' and ''[[Puyo Puyo]]''; seen in ''[[Tetris Blast]]'', ''[[Super Tetris 3]]'' (Magicaliss mode) and ''[[Puyo Puyo Tetris]]'' (Fusion mode)
* 3 blocks make a [[tromino]] or Trimino: featured in ''[[Columns]]'' (fixed I only) and ''[[Pac-Attack]]'' (L only); seen in ''[[Tetris Blast]]'' (I, L) and ''Puyo Pop Fever'' (L).
* 4 blocks make a [[tetromino]] (or tetramino or tetrimino): featured in ''Tetris'' and its clones. ''[[Lumines]]'' uses only O tetrominoes.
* 4 blocks make a [[tetromino]] (or tetramino or tetrimino): featured in ''Tetris'' and its clones. ''[[Lumines]]'' uses only O tetrominoes.
* 5 blocks make a [[pentomino]]: featured in ''[[Daedalian Opus]]''; seen in ''[[Tetris 2 and Bombliss|Tetris 2  Bombliss]]''.
* 5 blocks make a [[pentomino]]: featured in ''[[Daedalian Opus]]''; seen in ''[[Tetris 2 + Bombliss]]'', ''[[Tetris 64]]'', ''[[Puyo Puyo Tetris]]'' etc.
 
Larger sizes of polyominoes appear in ''[[Magical Tetris Challenge]]'' and some fan games. ''[[Combinos]]'' can generate arbitrary decominos (10-block polyominos). In addition, octominos can be formed in ''[[Sega Tetris]]'' by fusing two tetrominoes together.


Polyominoes are often named by a Latin letter that resembles the shape of the polyomino. For instance, an "I" has all its blocks in a straight line, and a "T" consists of an "I" tromino with one or more blocks in a straight line connected to one side of the center of the "I".
Polyominoes are often named by a Latin letter that resembles the shape of the polyomino. For instance, an "I" has all its blocks in a straight line, and a "T" consists of an "I" tromino with one or more blocks in a straight line connected to one side of the center of the "I".


== Hinged polyominoes ==
== Pseudo-polyominoes ==
{| align="right"
{| align="right"
|<playfield>
|<playfield>
Line 29: Line 32:
</playfield>
</playfield>
|-
|-
| Hinged tetrominoes<br>in ''Tetris 2''
| Pseudo-tetrominoes<br>in ''Tetris 2''
|}
|}
A '''hinged polyomino''' or '''polyplet'''[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Polyplet.html] is similar to a polyomino but also allows connections at a point. In games that use hinged polyominoes, a piece may break apart at the diagonal connections when it lands, and the fragments may or may not be controllable afterward.
A '''pseudo-polyomino''', also known as a '''hinged polyomino''', '''polyking''' or '''polyplet''' is similar to a polyomino but also allows connections at a corner. In games that use pseudo-polyominoes, a piece may break apart at the diagonal connections when it lands, and the fragments may or may not be controllable afterward.
 
* 2 blocks: Pseudo-domino
* 3 blocks: [[Pseudo-tromino]] (appears in ''[[Tetris Effect]]'' and some fan games)
* 4 blocks: [[Pseudo-tetromino]] (featured in ''[[Tetris 2]]'', appear in some fan games). Of note is the pseudo-tetromino with a hole, the smallest possible piece to have a hole, which has appeared in fan games such as ''[[The Son of Tetris Project]]''.
 
Larger pseudo-polyominoes appear in some fan games.
 
== Quasi-polyomino ==
{| align="right"
|<playfield>
......
.s..s.
......
......
.s..s.
......
</playfield>
|-
| An example of a quasi-tetromino
|}
 
A '''quasi-polyomino''' is any set of blocks regardless of whether they are connected or not (as long as they are still aligned to the grid). These are featured in some fan games, such as ''[[Kowaris]]''.


* 4 blocks: [[Hinged tetromino]] (featured in ''[[Tetris 2]]'').


== Other polyforms ==
== Other polyforms ==
''Hextris'' and ''Bikaka'' are variants of ''Tetris'' that use 4-cell polyhexes, or pieces created from regular hexagons.[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Polyhex.html] ''Bubble Bath Babes'' uses polyhexes that may be reflected around the X or Y axis but not rotated.
'''Polyhexes''' are pieces formed from regular hexagons. There are multiple Tetris-like games that use polyhexes, such as ''[[Hexion]]'' and ''Bikaka''.[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Polyhex.html] ''Bubble Bath Babes'' uses polyhexes that may be reflected around the X or Y axis but not rotated.
 
'''Polyabolos''' are pieces formed from right isosceles triangles. They are featured in the NES game [[Pyramid]].
 
'''Polyiamonds''' are pieces formed from equilateral triangles.
 
== Polycubes ==
A '''polycube''' is a piece made of cubic blocks, where all blocks are connected through full coincident faces. These are featured in 3D variants such as ''[[Blockout]]'' and ''[[3D Tetris]]''.


== See also ==
== See also ==
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*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyomino Wikipedia:Polyomino]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyomino Wikipedia:Polyomino]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetromino Wikipedia:Tetromino]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetromino Wikipedia:Tetromino]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudo-polyomino Wikipedia:Pseudo-polyomino]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycube Wikipedia:Polycube]
*[https://github.com/frankkopp/Tetris/blob/master/2009%20Tetris%20Variant%20Concepts.pdf 2009 Tetris Variant Concepts]


[[Category:Interface]]
[[Category:Articles]]

Revision as of 02:29, 2 February 2021

A piece in Tetris and similar games is a geometric shape consisting of a set of blocks that is moved as a unit. A block is the part of a piece that fills one unit of the playfield. In some games, all blocks that make up a piece are colored the same; in others, especially falling piece games other than Tetris and its fan games, they are colored differently.

Polyominoes

A polyomino is a piece made of one or more square blocks, where all blocks are connected through full coincident edges (as if squares on graph paper).

  • A free polyomino is one that may be translated (moved about), rotated, or reflected. These are used in Pokémon Tetris.
  • A one-sided polyomino is one that may be translated or rotated. These are the ones used in Tetris.
  • A fixed polyomino can only be translated.

Polyominoes come in several sizes:

Larger sizes of polyominoes appear in Magical Tetris Challenge and some fan games. Combinos can generate arbitrary decominos (10-block polyominos). In addition, octominos can be formed in Sega Tetris by fusing two tetrominoes together.

Polyominoes are often named by a Latin letter that resembles the shape of the polyomino. For instance, an "I" has all its blocks in a straight line, and a "T" consists of an "I" tromino with one or more blocks in a straight line connected to one side of the center of the "I".

Pseudo-polyominoes

..........
..ZJJ.....
.....O....
..........
..ZJ....O.
.O....ZZ..
.O......J.
..........
Pseudo-tetrominoes
in Tetris 2

A pseudo-polyomino, also known as a hinged polyomino, polyking or polyplet is similar to a polyomino but also allows connections at a corner. In games that use pseudo-polyominoes, a piece may break apart at the diagonal connections when it lands, and the fragments may or may not be controllable afterward.

Larger pseudo-polyominoes appear in some fan games.

Quasi-polyomino

......
.S..S.
......
......
.S..S.
......
An example of a quasi-tetromino

A quasi-polyomino is any set of blocks regardless of whether they are connected or not (as long as they are still aligned to the grid). These are featured in some fan games, such as Kowaris.


Other polyforms

Polyhexes are pieces formed from regular hexagons. There are multiple Tetris-like games that use polyhexes, such as Hexion and Bikaka.[1] Bubble Bath Babes uses polyhexes that may be reflected around the X or Y axis but not rotated.

Polyabolos are pieces formed from right isosceles triangles. They are featured in the NES game Pyramid.

Polyiamonds are pieces formed from equilateral triangles.

Polycubes

A polycube is a piece made of cubic blocks, where all blocks are connected through full coincident faces. These are featured in 3D variants such as Blockout and 3D Tetris.

See also

External links